Message Boards and Their Abuse: Trolls :: essays research papers fc

Message Boards and their Abuse TrollsNowadays, anybody with and internet connection can go online and chat with a variety of peers. One of the most common places to chat is publicize pages known as message boards. Messages written on these boards stay on the boards for everyone to view. Over date, as people on the boards get to know each other, message boards usually end up being a part of a community.Yet, with all the activity and chatter a message board supplies, there are nuisances as well. Adolescents who go on the computer usually want to start trouble or irritate others. These people are called trolls. Trolls are a very difficult problem in the message board community. Trolls usually post beliefs that are not well respected within the message board community. Take a sports message board for example. A troll on a sports message board would usually say that the team that specific board supports sucks and the troll would go on to brag how his or her team is superior. Trolls usu ally do this on consistent bases to annoy the other members on the board.Trolls also can abuse a message board by spamming or flooding the board. Some message boards have website problems where one can click the submit button a mebibyte times and then his or her message would be posted the amount of times the spammer clicked submit. Trolls can also find ways to exploit message boards into development outlaw words. If a message board censors out bad language, one can put message board code like i/i between the censored word and it will bypass the censor system. Smart trolls can also program scripts to post a specific message during a specific time frame (every 30 seconds, for example). Egotistical trolls usually try to imitate other members on the board by making screen names that look analogous to the members being impersonated. This can be done by such methods as putting an underscore before after the persons name or exchanging syllables with letters ( for example, exchange the letter L with the number 1). When impersonating, a troll will usually try to act like the normal person at first to fool the community and then try to wreck that persons image by posting obscene remarks. Trolls are just nerve-racking to cause trouble on the message boards.Trolls are the main cause of message board abuse. They do not try to work with the community, but sooner try to destroy it.

Wedding Toasts - Best Man, Brother of the Groom Essay -- Wedding Toast

Wedding Toasts - Best Man, Brother of the GroomGood Evening Im standing up here tonight, pretty cock-a-hoop I have to admit, of my brother, Bobo, and his bride twiglike. I have come to sing their praises, and if I happen to embarrass either one of them in the process, I apologize proper nowOn behalf of our family, we want to welcome each of you to the wedding today. It is a true testament to Bobo and Twiggy that you have taken time from your busy agendum to come and witness their marriage. I have never seen a more beautiful bride than Twiggy, and my brother looks just plain button busting proud, doesnt he? Bobo and Twiggy do not come lightly into this marriage. They have each led successful lives up to this point, and each is a marvellous individual alone. However, as wonderful and unique each of them is, together they make the perfect couple Bobo, a man of patience,...

Free College Essays - Ideal Distraction in Knowles A Separate Peace :: A Separate Peace Essays

A Separate stillness Ideal Distraction A Separate Peace It wasnt the cider which made me surpass myself, it was this liberation we had torn from the gray encroachments of 1943, the escape we had concocted, this afternoon of momentary, illusory, special and a separate stop, (128) reflects Gene Forrester after his carefree outing at the winter carnival. John Knowles in a Separate Peace uses an unusual plot to give the reader an illusionary sense of peace and security, found only at Devon, during a time of great war, through isolating specific idealistic moments from the sin and evil that encompasses them. The author stresses certain events or moments in the story to deepen the illusion of peace and tranquility taking the reader further away from the real truth. Knowles uses Finnys superior leadership skills to even off a summer game c all in alled Blitzball and conduct the winter carnival. Both of which were tools describing ideal moments used to distract the reader from r eality that there is a battle being fought. Another idyllic event Knowles uses to his advantage was when Gene found his rhythm, Buoyed up, I forgot my usual feeling of routine self-pity when working out, I lost myself, oppresses mind on with aching body all entanglements were shed, I broke into the clear. (112) Utilizing this the author was able to divert the readers attention to the 1944 Olympic games and fool the audience into a false sense about the war. Not only actions mislead the audience but the feelings of the students as well. Mainly because of the inseparable adhesion between Gene and Finny, I hope your having a pretty good time here. I know I kind of dragged you away at the point of the gun, but after all you cant come 2 by yourself, and in this teen-age period in life the proper person is your best pal. (40) From this Finny formed an idealistic bond between him and Gene. Using this high to present a low, Knowles hides the evil truth going through Genes mind a bout his friend, thus alter him to jounce Phineas from the tree without thinking. The author illustrated his theme by placing certain words strategically in the novel to convince the reader that there was still peace. For sheath Knowles uses the word Eden to give the audience a false picturesque landscape that resembled the watery shores.

Pigeon Forge :: Descriptive Essay About A Place

Pigeon ForgeThe Pigeon Forge area attracts students because of the entertainment choices and location. Teenagers enjoy Pigeon Forge because of the let outping, restaurants, and tourist attractions. It is a getaway from their hometown with view of choices of things to do. There are outlet malls that sell a variety of clothing. A few of the attractions located in this area are race tracks, bungee jumping, indoor(prenominal) skydiving, and put-put. Families with puppyish children will be able to do a limited amount of outside tourist activities, but instead might opt to shop within some of the popular outlet malls. The attractions with a minimum age or height requirement are for families with older children that can participate and for teenagers and young adults. Pigeon Forge is a tourist attraction for people on different budgets with different interests. Pigeon Forge is a well-known tourist area with shopping, entertainment attractions, and restaurants trim in the Smoky Mountains . Its location is 80 miles from Johnson City and thirty miles from Knoxville. From Knoxville go towards Ashville on the 181 north interstate and take Exit 407 to Sevierville from Johnson City take thoroughfare 181 South towards Knoxville and take the same exit (approximately one hour from Johnson City, and twenty to thirty minutes from Knoxville). First time visitors to the area should try to plan on spending a few days, if you have the time and money. There are many attractions in this area, and depending on your interests you can plan a trip that is worthy and funPigeon Forge is a shoppers paradise, with a wide array of merchandise. This area hosts several outlet malls filled with plenty of shops each. The Red Roof midpoint and the Tanger Outlet Mall are two of the popular outlets. The outlet malls all sell different types of merchandise, mostly reveal brand clothing. A few of the name brands that are found in the outlets are J. Crew, Old Navy, Fossil, and American Outpost. Th ere are also shops that are individually owned that sell Pigeon Forge memorabilia. separate shops will spray paint tee shirts and license plates to the customers specifications. Pigeon Forge hosts a variety of shops where most name brand products can be found, with the convenience of being located on one main road.Dollywood is an entertainment park that has rides for children and adults, within a town like atmosphere. The park is not exclusively for children, adults will enjoy it also.

To Have Or Not To Have Caesarean Section Essay example -- essays paper

To Have Or Not To Have Caesarean SectionYears agone caesarean section (c-section) was only done in cases of emergency such as when the mothers brio or the neonates life is in danger. However at the turn of the century, there seems to have a remarkable rise in c-section deliveries. It seems that women nowadays are willing to say the risk of surgery to avoid the stress and pain of labor rather than experience the normal trend of delivering a baby vaginally the normal way. The majority of heavy(predicate) women believe that the best method of giving birth is the least painful but this is not necessarily the safest (Ghetti, Chan & Guise 2004). Amazingly some obstetricians have sound advocates for this surgical procedure instead of advisors to what is really suitable for the individual. What it is that drives women to go for a mutilating procedure rather than a simple laceration of a normal birth? The dissolving agent is obvious. The modern women are scared of pain, of the long stre tch of labor and the stress that comes along with it. But what the modern women should understand is that delivering babies by caesarean section is not the answer to a pain-free delivery (Smeltzer & Bare, 2002).Caesarean Section Its BeginningMany people think that c-section is a modern method of delivering babies. The rectitude is, caesarean section has been a part of human culture since the ancient times(The National Institute of Health Convention, 1998). In fact history tells around the birth of Julius Caesar by c-section, thus the term caesarean came into use. However, modern historians do not believe that Julius Caesar s birth was by c-section since his mother had been mentioned in some part of history to be alive when Caesar was already a reigning ... ...Ghetti,C., Chan, BKS., & Guise, J. (2004). Physicians responses to patient requested-caesarean delivery. Retrieved March 2, 2005 form www.cinahl/chi-bin/refsvcIgnatavicious, D. & Workman, L. (2001). Medical-surgical nursi ng Critical thinkingcollaborative care. (4thed.). Philadelphia, PA Mosby, Inc.Lowdermilk, D. & Peryy, S. (2004). Maternity and womens health care. (4th ed.). St. Louise, MO Mosby, Inc.Porter, M. & Bhattachary, S. (2004). Preventing unnecessary caesarean section Marginal benefit of a second opinion. The Lancet. 364, 1921.Rubin, R. (2004). Do you have a choice? USA Today, Sept.16, 2004, D-08.Smeltzer, S.C. & Bare, B. (2002). Medical-surgical nursing. (9thed.). Philadelphia, PALippincott Williams & Wilkins.Stein, R. (2004). Findings on caesarean section rekindle debate. The Washington Post, Dec. 15, 2004, p. A-18.

To Have Or Not To Have Caesarean Section Essay example -- essays paper

To Have Or Not To Have Caesarean SectionYears ago caesarean section (c-section) was only through in cases of emergency such as when the mothers life or the neonates life is in danger. However at the patch of the century, there seems to have a remarkable rise in c-section deliveries. It seems that women nowadays are willing to take the risk of surgery to avoid the accent mark and pain of labor rather than experience the normal trend of delivering a baby vaginally the normal way. The majority of pregnant women believe that the best method of crowing birth is the least painful but this is not necessarily the safest (Ghetti, Chan & Guise 2004). Amazingly some obstetricians have become advocates for this surgical procedure instead of advisors to what is actually suitable for the individual. What it is that drives women to go for a mutilating procedure rather than a simple laceration of a normal birth? The answer is obvious. The modern women are scared of pain, of the large stretch o f labor and the stress that comes along with it. But what the modern women should understand is that delivering babies by caesarean section is not the answer to a pain-free sales talk (Smeltzer & Bare, 2002).Caesarean Section Its BeginningMany people think that c-section is a modern method of delivering babies. The truth is, caesarean section has been a element of human culture since the ancient times(The National Institute of Health Convention, 1998). In fact history tells about the birth of Julius Caesar by c-section, thus the shape caesarean came into use. However, modern historians do not believe that Julius Caesar s birth was by c-section since his mother had been mentioned in some part of history to be alive when Caesar was already a reigning ... ...Ghetti,C., Chan, BKS., & Guise, J. (2004). Physicians responses to patient requested-caesarean delivery. Retrieved March 2, 2005 form www.cinahl/chi-bin/refsvcIgnatavicious, D. & Workman, L. (2001). Medical-surgical nursing Critical thinkingcollaborative care. (4thed.). Philadelphia, PA Mosby, Inc.Lowdermilk, D. & Peryy, S. (2004). Maternity and womens health care. (4th ed.). St. Louise, MO Mosby, Inc.Porter, M. & Bhattachary, S. (2004). Preventing unnecessary caesarean section Marginal benefit of a second opinion. The Lancet. 364, 1921.Rubin, R. (2004). Do you have a choice? USA Today, Sept.16, 2004, D-08.Smeltzer, S.C. & Bare, B. (2002). Medical-surgical nursing. (9thed.). Philadelphia, PALippincott Williams & Wilkins.Stein, R. (2004). Findings on caesarean section rekindle debate. The Washington Post, Dec. 15, 2004, p. A-18.

What I Learned from My Stock Market Simulation Experience

What I Learned From My Stock Market Simulation Experience The stock list market simulation has been a wonderful experience for me as a student in economics and as a person in todays society. Knowledge gained in this project will give me the payoff to wisely choose the correct stock when I start investing my own money into the stock market. Different aspects of the simulation provided innovative and diverse ideas to resist me familiarity further into the grand realm of economics.When first assigned with the project I struggled a little on how best to allocate my funds into the best companies that would tranquillize gain and gain through out the ten week period. Honestly I think I made a wise decision and utilise a financial advisor, Shibs, on which stocks seem to be rising in the troubled times we are in. With that aid I was able to deduce that WFC, JNJ, and XLF would bugger off the best results in the time given. Taking that step and using an outside source to assist in the det ermination of stocks is a fine example of customary situations.As always I found a way to express my individuality by seeing that eBay would give me an extra boost in standings with its ever go up ascension. In looking for research I found out more on other companies that affected mine including my own this gave me a broader view on where and how fast the market was going. Those articles also provided information on how the antithetic companies I had invested in functioned I learned that each company is more that meets the eye.Those clues provided insight in how fear and greed can sway the market back and forth resembling a see-saw never balancing but going good one elegant to falling down the next. Besides that insight I learned a very valuable lesson in how one little paragraph in a article can make all hell break loose it seems that when some hear just one little phrase they start ladder around like chickens with their heads cut off and making dumb mistakes left and right. M ost of all, I learned that patience wins out and that the slow risers in the stock market will be out the day trades.In putting together this binder I also learned some things about investing and the mechanism of the stock market. One thing was that keeping order among all the essays, articles, graphs, and what not helped keep track of different trends in the various sectors that I had invested in. Also reflexion how my classmates invested and where they ended up in the rankings gave me the opportunity to see where different tactics succeeded or flopped around doing nothing. Finally, writing this essay gave me the chance to peel back the different layers of the stock market and how my investments truly benefitted.

Deception Point Page 5

Rachel nodded. She was both.Four minutes later, Rachel Sexton exited the NRO and climbed into the waiting helicopter. Before she had even buckled herself in, the craft was airborne, banking hard a thwart the Virginia woods. Rachel gazed out at the blur of trees beneath her and mat her pulse rising. It would have risen faster had she known this chopper would never reach the White business firm.5The frigid wind battered the fabric of the ThermaTech tent, plainly Delta-One hardly noticed. He and Delta-Three were focused on their comrade, who was manipulating the joystick in his hand with surgical dexterity. The screen before them displayed a live video transmission from a pinpoint camera mounted aboard the microrobot.The ultimate surveillance tool, Delta-One thought, still amazed every time they powered it up. Lately, in the serviceman of micromechanics, fact seemed to be out-pacing fiction.Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) microbots were the newest tool in high-tech surveil lance fly on the wall technology, they called it.Literally.Although microscopic, remote-controlled robots sounded like science fiction, in fact they had been round since the 1990s. Discovery magazine had run a cover story in May 1997 on microbots, featuring both flying and swimming models. The swimmers nanosubs the size of salt grains could be injected into the human bloodstream a la the movie Fantastic Voyage. They were now being used by advanced medical facilities to help doctors navigate arteries by remote control, observe live intravenous video transmissions, and locate arterial blockages without ever lifting a scalpel.Contrary to intuition, building a flying microbot was even simpler business. The aerodynamics technology for getting a machine to fly had been around since Kitty Hawk, and all that remained had been the issue of miniaturization. The runner flying microbots, designed by NASA as remote-controlled exploration tools for future Mars missions, had been several inch es long. Now, however, advances in nanotechnology, lightweight energy-absorbent materials, and micromechanics had made the flying microbots a reality.The true breakthrough had come from the new field biomimics copy Mother Nature. Miniature dragonflies, as it turned out, were the ideal prototype for these agile and efficient flying microbots. The PH2 model Delta-Two was currently flying was only one centimetre long the size of a mosquito and employed a dual pair of transparent, hinged, silicon-leaf wings, giving it unparalleled mobility and efficiency in the air.The microbots refueling mechanism had been another breakthrough. The first microbot prototypes could only recharge their energy cells by hovering directly beneath a bright light source, not ideal for stealth or use in dark locales. The newer prototypes, however, could recharge simply by parking within a few inches of a magnetic field. Conveniently, in modern society, magnetic fields were present and discreetly postured power outlets, computer monitors, electric motors, audio speakers, cellphones it seemed at that place was never any shortage of obscure recharging stations. Once a microbot had been introduced successfully into a locale, it could transmit audio and video almost indefinitely. The Delta Forces PH2 had been transmitting for over a week now with no trouble whatsoever.Now, like an insect hovering inside a cavernous barn, the airborne microbot hung silently in the still air of the structures massive central room. With a birds-eye view of the space below, the microbot circled silently above unsuspicious occupants technicians, scientists, specialists in numerous fields of study. As the PH2 circled, Delta-One spotted two familiar faces engaged in colloquy. They would be a telling mark. He told Delta-Two to drop follow out and have a listen.Manipulating the controls, Delta-Two switched on the robots sound sensors, oriented the microbots parabolic amplifier, and decreased the robots elev ation until it was ten feet over the scientists heads. The transmission was faint, but discernible.I still cant recollect it, one scientist was saying. The excitement in his voice had not diminished since his arrival here forty-eight hours ago.The man with whom he was talking obviously shared the enthusiasm. In your lifetime did you ever think you would witness anything like this?Never, the scientist replied, beaming. Its all a magnificent dream.Delta-One had heard enough. Clearly everything inside was proceeding as expected. Delta-Two maneuvered the microbot away from the conversation and flew it back to its hiding place. He parked the tiny device undetected near the cylinder of an electric generator. The PH2s power cells immediately began recharging for the next mission.6Rachel Sextons thoughts were lost(p) in the mornings bizarre developments as her PaveHawk transport tore across the morning sky, and it was not until the helicopter rocketed out across Chesapeake Bay that she re alized they were heading in entirely the wrong direction. The initial flash of confusion instantly gave way to trepidation.Hey she yelled to the pilot. What are you doing? Her voice was barely audible over the rotors. Youre supposed to be taking me to the White HouseThe pilot shook his head. Sorry, maam. The chairwoman is not at the White House this morning.Rachel tried to remember if Pickering had specifically mentioned the White House or whether she had simply assumed. So where is the President?Your meeting with him is elsewhere.No shit. Where elsewhere?Not far now.Thats not what I asked.Sixteen more miles.Rachel scowled at him. This twat should be a politician. Do you dodge bullets as well as you dodge questions?The pilot did not answer.It took less than seven minutes for the chopper to cross the Chesapeake. When land was in sight again, the pilot banked north and skirted a narrow peninsula, where Rachel saw a series of runways and military-looking buildings. The pilot dropped d own toward them, and Rachel then realized what this place was. The six launchpads and charred rocket towers were a good clue, but if that was not enough, the roof of one of the buildings had been painted with two enormous words WALLOPS ISLAND.Wallops Island was one of NASAs oldest launch sites. electrostatic used today for satellite launches and testing of experimental aircraft, Wallops was NASAs base away from the spotlight.The President is at Wallops Island? It made no sense.The chopper pilot aligned his escape with a series of three runways that ran the length of the narrow peninsula. They seemed to be heading for the far end of the center runway.The pilot began to slow. You will be meeting the President in his office.Rachel turned, wondering if the guy was joking. The President of the United States has an office on Wallops Island?The pilot looked dead serious. The President of the United States has an office wherever he likes, maam.He pointed toward the end of the runway. Rach el saw the mammoth shape glistening in the distance, and her heart almost stopped. Even at three hundred yards, she recognized the light meritless hull of the modified 747.Im meeting him aboard the Yes, maam. His home away from home.Rachel stared out at the massive aircraft. The militarys cryptic designation for this prestigious plane was VC-25-A, although the rest of the world knew it by another name Air Force One.Looks like youre in the new one this morning, the pilot said, motioning to the numbers on the planes tail fin.Rachel nodded blankly. Few Americans knew that there were actually two Air Force Ones in service a pair of identical, specially configured 747-200-Bs, one with the tail number 28000 and the other 29000. both(prenominal) planes had cruising speeds of 600 mph and had been modified for in-flight refueling, giving them virtually unlimited range.

“Nature and Self-Reliance” by Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay

Ralph Waldo Emerson, nineteenth century poet and writer, expresses a philosophy of life, based on our inner self and the presence of the soul. Emerson regarded and learned from the great minds of the past. In his writings he says repeatedly that each person should live according to his birth thinking. In character and Self-Reliance the central theme is do not seek answers remote of yourself.This main idea of Emersons philosophy states that a man should learn to express himself. Being yourself will help you to solve the problems of your life. We need to trust ourselves in order to improve our life, like all great men have done. Self-Reliance expresses that the Truth stems from within deep in our soul which is the pillar of our individual(prenominal) power and self-respect. This source of all greatness sets us free form the ego and helps us to transcend through the ideals of love, truth and justice some mint call this the moral sense. The soul cannot be completely defined or descr ibed but it is the only thing we can be utterly sure of, since all other facts are temporary. Being ourselves allows us to obtain many more answers and to understand our unconscious intentions. Humans may exceed their peculiar(a) ideas by realizing that God does exists and that in Him, we will find the Truth and answers if we open ourselves to Him.Self-Reliance also expresses the need for creative thinking. Society during Emersons era resisted ameliorate and scorned the reformer. Emerson saw individualism in direct conflict with society. Although he often criticized society, he stressed more importantly the openness of the individual throughthe soul.The soul is the creative essence all of creation including art, which is human unity with graphic things, which is expressed in Nature. In Nature the soul sees the picture of its own pure essence manifest, seeing beauty, truth, and justice in its laws. Nature in life teaches us understanding and is a practicing tool for the intellect to use in learning how to deal with lifes problems. From Emersons transcendental view the natural figures are also symbols of spirituals facts or philosophy. That by interacting with nature, people learn not only what is practical but also what is wakeless for Emerson nature and the soul are perfectly complementary.Emerson also states that it is good to learn from the books as long as the reader keeps his creativity and way of thinking and that by practical experience we learn quickly and well. Emerson tries to makes us realize that by our own virtues and by label on our own internal means we can find the answers to many questions, and even answers for the question we have not even shape which will help us to keep the integrity of ones internal evolution.Emerson believed that when people begin to realize that autonomy and the expression of your thoughts is right for them, then many good changes will happen in society. Emersons was one of the leaders in the extended view of progre ssive learning, but also offers insights into age-old or natural method as better than new technology based on experimentation. In many of his writings he compares the beauty of the nature, and expresses, in the writings of Nature and Self-Reliance that we can find the answers to all challenges.

Ftm 460 Exam3 Study Guide

FTM 460 Exam 3 Review (Chapters 10-13) 33 Multiple Choice Questions (3 points each). The majority of test questions come from Chapter 10 & Chapter 13. The least from Chapter 11. Chapter 10 The construct of measurement * Be able to recognize the 4 types of measurement scales CHART 10. 4 in chapter ten slide six * Nominal Scales that partition data into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories. Ordinal Scales that maintain the labeling characteristics of nominal scales and have the ability to order data * Interval Scales that have the characteristics of ordinal scales, summation equal intervals between points to show relative amounts they may include an arbitrary set point. * Ratio Scales that have characteristics of interval scales, plus a meaningful zero point so that magnitudes can be comp ared arithmetically. * square off Scale reliability Degree to which measures are free from random error and, therefore, provide consistent data.The consequence to which the s urvey responses are internally consistent. Cronbachs alpha Test-retest reliability The ability of the same instrument to produce consistent results when used a second magazine under conditions as similar as possible to the original conditions. * Be familiar with the steps in the measurement development process (McDaniels diagram) drop away 3 CH 10. * Know the contrast between a constitutive and operational definition of a given construct. Slide 4) * Constitutive ambiguity is a account function of the discrepancy between the information available to the person and that which is required for adequate performance of a role. It is the difference between a persons actual state of knowledge and the knowledge that provides adequate satisfaction of that persons personal needs and values. * Operational Role ambiguity is the amount of suspicion (ranging from very uncertain to very certain on a five-point scale) an individual feels regarding job role responsibilities and expectations from other employees and customers. Be able to distinguish between convergent vs. discriminant validity. * Convergent The degree of correlation among different measures that purport to measure the same construct. * Discriminate The measure of the lack of association among constructs that are supposed to be different. Chapter 11 Using measurement scales to build marketing effectiveness * Define Semantic differential scale (10) , Likert scalebe able to recognize examples of each (12) Agree, slimly Agree, Somewhat disagree, Disagree.Chapter 12 Questionnaire design * Know the differences between the following types of question formats * open-ended Questions to which the respondent replies in his or her own words. * Probed vs Un-probed * closed-ended Questions requiring respondents to choose from a number of answers * Dichotomous Choice between two answers * Multiple Choice * Scaled Responses * What are the reasons for using screening to identify qualifies respondents and probing questions? When do we use branching? * Understand sequencing rules for laying out questions in a survey (i. e. , general questions first). Slide 16 * Screeners, Warm-up (Easy to answer questions show the respondent that the survey is simple), Transitions (Questions link up to research objectives require slightly more effort), Difficult Complicated (The respondents has committed to completing the questionnaire), Classifying and demographic. Chapter 13 Basic sampling issues * Know the difference between a Probability Everyone in the population has a known, nonzero, likelihood of selection (Simple random, Systematic, Stratified, Cluster) * Non-probability Samples in which specific elements from the population have been selected in a nonrandom manner. (Convenience, Snowball, Judgment, Quota) * Know the difference between a sample and a population. (Population is the entire group of people about whom information needed also called the universe or population of interest. ) * Define simple random s ample A sample selected by assigning a number to every element of the population and then using somewhat method for randomly selecting elements to be in the sample such as random digit dialing * systematic random sample A sample in which the entire population is numbered and elements are selected using a skip interval (every Nth name is selected * stratified random sample A sample that is agonistic to be more representative through simple random sampling of mutually exclusive and exhaustive subsets either proportionally or disproportionally.Good for data that are not normally distributed. * Convenience sample A sample based on using people who are easily accessible such as mall intercepts or other high traffic locations. * Sampling error Error that occurs because the sample selected is not perfectly representative of the population. * Be familiar with the McDaniels stages of a sampling plan * Define the target Population- Determine the characteristics of those you are interested in studying.Determine which group of people or entities about which you want to turn around more. * Choose the Data Collection Method- Determine how you collect the sample such as mail, Internet, telephone, mall intercept, ect. * ingest the Sample Frame- A list of population elements from which units to be sampled can be selected. * Obtain the Sample- Determine how you will get the sample list through probability or non-probability methods. * Determine Sample Size * Select Sample Units * Conduct Fieldwork

Curriculum for Teaching Social Skills

Teaching loving skills to young nipperren is a rocky toil under any circumstance however when the children atomic number 18 suffering from aroused or behavioural problems it looks to interfere with this process and make it much much difficult. on that point are several known answers through curriculum that tail end help educators to be equal to manoeuver on social skills with scholarly persons who are facing either emotional or behavioral problems or both. Through the use of these curriculums there can be great benefits to both the students and the teachers.The teachers depart benefit in creation able to work on social situations with the students in their classrooms and in being able to march on the strong need for social interaction in life. The students will benefit by being able to work on building friendships, trusting others and really finding a sort to communicate how they are able to do these things. Curriculum Options for Teachers mavin of the problems th at beget a good deal faced teachers who are working with children who have emotional or behavioral problems is that they are unable to communicate their social needs to the teacher.These students have a hard time being able to express their need for friendship, the need to describe feelings or the ability to be able to communicate any of this to others. Through information that has been gathered by researchers it has been concluded that these students need direct intervention into their ability to socialize with others. There have been quadruplex suggestions as to how this can happen and what would be a good way of introducing social skills to these students. There are many different methods and ways that this can be done.One way that has been shown to be successful is one on one interaction with the students and role play into specific situations. Obviously the situations have to be cushy and can not be too involved or too intense but rather something that is on the equal thin king level as the students involved (Vaughn, Sinagub, and Kim 2004). Success for the students who were experiencing these emotional and behavioral problems has drastically depended on the type of curriculum that was used to introduce and teach social skills.One study looked at degree problems as a way to teach these skills to students who were suffering from emotional problems and this study showed a drastic improvement in these students having the ability to communicate with each other. The students were rectify able to clear through the story the idea of how one might feel or how reactions of theirs can be harmful to others. However, the students were unable to moil these same ideas and beliefs when they were just discussing them and not hearing them in a story (Rahill and Teglasi 2003).There could be many conclusions drawn from these examples and this type of curriculum. The idea is that the students have the ability to witness and comprehend what is being s supporter about things and how they are interacting with others. When the student is not forced to look at the whole picture and is used to just getting glimpses they are unable to realize the overall impact of issues, however when they are exposed to the entire story or belief then they are able to understand the entire story and can reason as to why the others are feeling the way that they are.Without this ability to reason the student would be unable to successfully communicate with others and could not be thought of in the same social light and category as if they were able to understand these issues. Another great excerption for teachers to use in the classroom to teach social skills is to be trained in how to incorporate Cognitive behavioural Therapy into the curriculum. By using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or CBT the student is teaching how to restrainer their own behaviors and emotions.This is probably one of the best options for students who have behavioral or emotional problems as it is a way for them to learn how to be able to control things themselves without warnings or discipline. There are a number of ways that this treatment can be integrated into the classroom. One thing is for sure though that teachers need to be aware of the therapy and how to properly integrate it into the classroom prior to using it in the classroom congealting.If they are not competent and they try to use it there are many things that could go wrong and the children could be emotionally damaged in some way as with all therapeutic processes. This subject has been widely researched. During the past two decades, researchers have found that cognitive strategies can decrease disruption/aggression and strength pro-social skills (Daunic, Smith, Brank and Penfield 2006, 123). To bettor understand the benefits of CBT being integrated into the classroom it would be important to understand some basic facts about CBT.CBT is basically a way of self control where the student is taught how to con trol their negative behaviors or emotions in order to prevent behavioral issues. Through CBT the student would learn how to understand when they are reaching a point where they are going to react in an inappropriate way and they would be able to monitor themselves and talk themselves down. For younger students this would prove to be more difficult to learn but by learning the process young the students would be able to carry it over into their current lives and how they react in about situations.With this process being taught in the classroom there might even be further benefits in the students home and other extracurricular activities as the student would apply some of the same lessons and principles to the situations that they were involved in at these locations. All of these advantages could be gained and getting needed training is not difficult for educators and something that they can discuss with their superiors and school boards. There are other forms of intervention that could be used in the classroom curriculum.With students who are suffering from autism there are special skills and curriculums that could be offered to help with their behavioral difficulties. There is a call for a new curriculum that would be an advantage to all students with emotional and behavioral difficulties and not just those who were suffering from autism. For the most part articles that are written on this subject point out that no current curriculum is for sale for this issue and that there are some key components that would need to be featured if there were to be a curriculum.Of the many key components that would need to be considered one is to make the abstract concrete. Students who are suffering from emotional and behavioral problems often have a hard time being able to understand the abstract thoughts that are often a part of teaching social skills. By making concrete examples that these students can understand there is a high likelihood that they will apply these principles to their own interactions on a social level. Another area that is needed is structure and predictability. Having a classroom with a set routine is something that is important as when students are taken out of a routine situation they often have anxiety and with behavioral issues anxiety often ends in the student not being able to communicate his or her needs and having a breakdown in the classroom. By having engaged transactions the students would be able to learn what their overall needs were and would be able to practice communication and social skills with one another.Through scaffolded language support the students would be able to work on better using language and communication in a way that all people would understand. Multiple and varied learning opportunities might seem as though it would be repetitive or boring for the students however for students who are suffering from emotional or behavioral problems this might just be exactly what is needed for them to unders tand. By planning other focused activities in the classroom it would allow the students a break from learning social skills and could promote a better understanding of the skills during future lessons.Looking at fostering self awareness and self esteem is also important as it would show each child that he or she is special and would encourage them to believe in their own self worth. Another area that needs improvement is that the teachers need to focus on having select relevant goals. When teachers try to teach students with emotional or behavioral difficulties too many things it threatens to worsen their condition and can cause them to have multiple additional problems with what they are already having.Some other teaching methods like sequential and progressive programming are also a huge advantage as are programmed general and ongoing information. All of these practices and initiatives can be easily added to most curriculums in the classroom and could really have great advantage s to the students who have emotional and behavioral issues (Krasny, Williams, Provencal, and Ozonoff 2003). Benefits to Teachers for Using a Curriculum to Teach Social Skills There are many benefits that can be seen by teachers who are choosing to teach social skills and social skill improvement to students who suffer from emotional and behavioral problems.Some of these are that there is an increased focus on the student being able to finish and being able to interact with others in a positive manner. Through this the student would be able to interact with the teacher in a more positive manner as well. These skills would also help there to be fewer disturbances and disruptions in the classroom which is a great benefit for the teaching in her ability to control her classroom. Benefits to Students for Using a Curriculum to Teach Social Skills There are also many advantages for the students who are working on learning social skills.The students are able to take advantage of these skil ls and these areas because they are learning how to communicate better with others. Communication is such an important part of our populace and the world around us and without communication one would suffer in many areas of life. Also there are valid reasons why friendships can really aid in a students overall behavioral and emotional issues and students who have more friends are less likely to have these types of problems. If a student learns these new social skills they are likely to have more friends, do better at home and in school and overall be in trouble less often.Conclusion In conclusion, it is important that teachers be taught the necessary skills needed to integrate certain behaviors into the classroom. The teachers need to be able to integrate programs into their curriculum that will teach students with emotional and behavioral difficulties the much needed social skills. These much needed social skills will improve the students lives in so many ways and will help the st udents to be able to be better behaved and more successful in a number of areas of their lives. References Daunic, A. P. , Smith, S. W. , Brank, E. M. , and Penfield, R. D. (2006).Classroom-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention to keep Aggression Efficiency and Social Validity, Journal of Social Psychology, 44(2), 123-139. Krasny, L. , Williams, B. J. , Provencal, S. , and Ozonoff, S. (2003). Social Skills Intervention for the Autism Spectrum Essential Ingredients and a Model Curriculum, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 12(1), 107-122. Vaughn, S. , Sinagub, J. and Kim, A. (2004). Chapter 10 Social Competence/Social Skills of Students with Learning Disabilities Interventions and Issues, Learning about Learning Disabilities, (3rd ed. ), 341-373.

Self Reflection Mbti Type

Self Reflection Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Christopher Wright Seton Hill University Principles of Management, SBU 180-98, ADP Session 2 Lyzona Marshall, 10/15/12 Who are ENTJs? ENTJs are one of sixteen personality types, making up about 3-5 percent of the American public. ENTJs are Extroverts, Intuitive, Thinking, Judging personality types. They ladder to be natural leaders, who make decisions based upon objective analysis, weigh pros versus cons, arriving at logical decisions.They often express opinions, messages, directions, plans, and goals clearly. ENTJs like to get right to the top without any unnecessary outside noise. Business leaders who are ENTJs are effective in communicating the companys goals and direction, coiffeting the pattern by which expectations are measured. These types of leaders think big picture, what is going to happen in future and how do I need to plan for it, not acquiring caught up in the now.What do the letters ENTJ mean and what are the associated pr os and cons with the individual letters as a manager? E Extrovert. An extrovert could excel in negotiation, while they could be a hindrance in conflict resolution. N Intuitive. Intuitive thinkers would help in business development but would slow ware analyzing financial statements. T Thinking. Thinking types would help in analyzing headcount to cost ratio but would hinder discussion in performance reviews with employees. J Judging.Judging types would value business expansion or project management but would interfere with analyzing costs. Some additional pros and cons associated with ENTJs are critical thinkers, planners (plan for everything, including back up plans), take aim headed (ability to stay calm in a crisis or stressful situations), calculated risk takers, orderly, self centered or arrogant, trouble expressing affection, opinionated or stubborn, set unrealistic expectations, hasty decision making, critical of incompetence or inefficiency, not free with compliments.An ENTJ is a leader, direct approach type. They are big picture thinkers, list potential problems, and create a plan to change those problems. However, ENTJs must develop their Intuitive and Thinking skills or they run the risk of not organism able to apply logic to their ideas. This could lead an ENTJ to become dictatorial and abrasive.

Liting Wang

Liting WangProfessor FeindertENGWR 48016April 2018Critique of There Is Need to Review Our Education SystemEducation is the most powerful sleeve which you can use to change the world, saidNelson Mandela. The Africa News Service published the article There Is Need to ReviewOur Education System on April 1, 2009 by Rhoda Kalema, a well-known indite and titleholder of Ugandas Forum for Women in Democracy as a transformative leader 1996.The article looks at some pressing issues that the teaching system of Uganda before long faces. There have been no proper mechanisms to expect high-quality discipline offered in the plain. First, she explains that the experience of educated people shows their fear towards the future to come of the present-day education around the world.If people do non have good education, they will not have a bright future. As a result, a country like Uganda might fall back and will be left veryweak. It will affect the countrys improvement in many ways. Second, she suggests that the education administration should go away focusing on this situation. In addition, both learners and teachers face challenges that make it impossible for the education system to be ranked anywhere in the world.The goernment is aware(predicate) of these challenges but offers no solution. Through critique, the key issues facing the primary, secondary, and vocational education in Uganda are examined. There is no definite opinion from the spring that is shortly viable to revive the whole situation.The author fails to mention the mechanisms that have fuelled the failure of the education system but only comes up with assumptions. Even though the article could be persuasive to an extent because of the clear organization, the postings lack of sources and evidences, grammatical issues, vague terms, and weak arguments confuse readers.The article has a clear organization following an introduction, and lists the principal(prenominal) saddles as subheadings, and a conclusio n. Although the author has clear points in the article, she does not provide enough evidence and sources to support them. The author organizes the article into sections and follows with examples which is effective because it is effortless for readers to show the ideas. However, the article does not include any sources and examples from other authors.This would call for the Government to improve on the few available vocational institutions, build many new and modern ones, and lay down regional vocational and technical instructors training colleges (Paragraph 8). This and a few other examples appear to like her personal opinions and her thoughts because sources are missing.Readers cannot trust the author easily. Additionally, the body paragraphs do not have transitional words, so the article does not flow well. Numerous grammar and punctuation mistakes are evident all over the article. For instance, the author presents a non-standard brain Why and so stop a parent from feeding hi s/her child? And why stop a headteacher and his staff their piece to plan school meals for their students? (Paragraph 17). Several grammatical errors show failure to proofread some of the sentences.For instance, in paragraph 5 she mentions The Ministry of Education should invite retired and current educationists forconsultations, sic likewise the non-governmental organizations with the YouthDevelopment Programmes could be consulted. The education syllabus development, most importantly involve experienced and interested persons in this field and not only the appointed civil servants and technocrats.She does not avoid vague terms and presents them without any explanation.For example, she writes Teach the young people skills and they will never be lost children (Paragraph 7). Skills is a vague term which reads more specification. Another example of vague word choices is Since this statement cannot be easily refuted, then we should mourn the future of our country (Paragraph 2).The w ord easily could have been improved. around of the authors arguments are presented in random and visually uncluttered manner. The author presents most of her points with no illustrations or citations. The author points out the most exciting factors in the education system. For example, Everyone in the country and even those outside who have ever experienced a balanced education about 25-30 years ago is in annoying over what is happening in the education sphere (Paragraph 1).As evident from the article, there is no evidence of any citation where the author got the information from, and this puts into question the credibility of her information. The author uses weak arguments to make logical appeals. For example, Then at one time about 3,500 or 350 were crossed off the payroll (shortly later on they were reinstated, so we read.) (Paragraph 10).The strength of this posting is rooted in the authors inability to hold out points to illustrate the failures that are evident to every rea der of the article. Anything that contributes to meeting the considerable needs of the education systems in Africa is positive, such as programs or projects driven by people who want to serve the general good of the country in the area.The impression that one extends is that there is a desire to be involved in proposing the beginnings of a solution, a standard foundation for teaching that will comprise specific local features and at the same time will train future citizens of an interconnected and culturally mixed world. A change of school erudition system will reflect this concept, and it is an interesting one.The author points out the importance of reviewing the education system by giving an example of what needs to be done. What we need is the Government to devote a sizeable portion of the budget to education in 2009-2010, construct double, and triple floor classrooms in the existing schools. Only then will our education system be on the right track. (Paragraph 21).Moreover, everyone in the country and even those that have been lucky to secure jobs outside the country never experienced a balanced education about 25-30 years ago, and it is for this reason that they are in pain over what is happening in the education system. (Paragraph 1). Nevertheless, she fails to point out what is bothering them is and that Ugandas future is doomed to be.The author should provide a more detailed example and offer insight into what vocational and technical institutions focus. Summing up the topic, in general, does not provide any help to the government as the government requires a practical approach to issues not only a theoretical approach.The author does not explain that the revised curriculum needs to focus on the vocational and technical teaching, to provide skills together with the academic learning. In conclusion, the author has managed to create a list of reasons that would help the government and relevant stakeholders argue their case mostly for naught. While li ke-minded individuals can pull some rhetorical questions to get others thinking, there is little offered in the way of credible argument material.The author also fails to suggest that conspirators and cartels in government hard are working to counterbalance a crisis in educational reform. Policy elites are not knowingly falsifying evidence or collectively coming to a secret pledge about how to terrify the public. She also fails to discuss that school reformers inhabit a small and relatively closed network.Policy leaders and stakeholders can accelerate the stride of development. The article is organized in a pleasant and way that makes the posting readable.From the article, it is clear the author has some arguments to make which are sensible but fails to bring out the issue affecting the education system in Uganda in a way that is convincing. Overall, the article is well summed up, but a few improvements in certain elements would have helped in coming up with a more organized piec e than what the author has delivered.

To Kill a Mockingbird- How Maturity Affects the Characters

When growing up in todays world, people must face the some challenges of maturing. Whether it is physically, emotionally, or mentally, every person matures individually. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird, the court trial of gobbler Robinson matures three main characters in the book. They learn what growing up is all about. Jem, talent scout, and Dill are the roughly affected by the trial and all matures through with(predicate)out the book. Jem specifically matures throughout the process of the Tom Robinson fortune and learns a positive lesson from the trial.After seeing the unfair way Tom Robinson was treated, Jem wants to protect and care for people no weigh their age, skin color, reputation and personality. Jem also learns a few lessons from Atticus regarding the judgement of others. At the commencement of Chapter 25, His sister lookout station is about to kill a roly-polly bug, Jem stops her and she asks why, Jem responds, Because they dont bother you. (Lee 320) This q uote relates to when Atticus teaches Scout and Jem about the importance lesson of not to kill a mockingbird because they do not harm anyone and smatter their hearts out.Jem takes this lesson, the way Tom Robinson was treated just for his skin color, and uses it, as a result of fit more mature and sharing the lesson with Scout when stopping her. Atticus teaches his children very well about the signification of treating everyone equally no matter what they hear from the people around them. Scout is who she is because of the way Atticus raises her. Scout learns from Atticus through the Tom Robinson case what can happenwhen you tolerate hope and courage. During the second half(a) of the novel, courage is portrayed by all blacks and Atticus as he fights for the case of Tom Robinson, further Tom Robinson has lost all hope.Scout is devastated by this further also learns bad things can happen when you lose hope and courage. Atticus is the first to teach Scout this important lesson, h e says, real courage is when you bonk youre licked before you begin but you begin anyway and see it through no matter what, he continues by saying, You rarely win, but sometimes you do. (149) Scout learns how courage is important through Atticus and Tom Robinsons case, and this is an important aspect of growing up and maturing. While Scout and Jem are maturing right away because of Atticuss influence, Dill Harris, the outsider of Maycomb County, matures urely but slowly when is exposed to the Tom Robinson case.He still shows child-like aspects such as shout out uncontrollably at the injustice of Tom Robinson being treated so differently from the white witnesses. He also shows signs of maturity when Tom Robinsons trial is in action. Scout claims that Tom Robinson is just a Negro, hence it does not matter all that much, Dill responds maturely and says, I dont care one speck. It aint right, somehow it aint right to do Em that way. Hasnt anybody got any business talking like that, it just makes me sick. (266) Dill sees Tom Robinson for the mockingbird he really is. Jem,Scout, and Dill all learn lessons that impact their life and affect their maturity. A few of these lessons are learned from the Tom Robinson case. Learning to not judge people for what they hear, taking responsibility, and learning right from faulty are all a part of growing up, they do just that. It might be challenging, but courage and bravery bring them through it. As long as it may take, everyone grows up in one way or another, whether it is physically, emotionally, or mentally.

Stand By Me

In the film the four main(prenominal) characters argon, Chris, who is the tough unmatchable, Teddy, who is the daring one, Gordie, Whos the sensitive one and Vern, whos just stupid because he asks stupid questions. They hear that a kid has been killed by a train and theyve gone to lookfor him. The tale is round them growing up and neat more mature, Friendship, Bullying and an adventure(themes).The Night scene takes place towards the end of the film. They be every smoking rough the campfire public lecture about daft things such as what is Goofy?(the Disney character). This scene is important because it essays their friendship and how they are all close friends, asking Gordie to tell them a story because they all believe he is a really good story teller/writer.The night scene opens with a shot of the moon and therefore calmly moves down and into the woods to were they are all smoking around the campfire. There is no harmony at the start of the scene, but there is music towa rds the end of the scene (once they have finished talking some music comes on, the music is 50s because it makes you feel as if the film is trim in the fifties. There are sounds of birds and crickets (wildlife) at the start which makes you feel as if its real life.The Gang ask Gordie to tell them a story, so he tells them a story about a boy called Lardass, who enters a pie eating competition, he doesnt pauperization to win the competition he just wants revenge. Lardass is a overweight kid who is very unpopular, his brother and sister even call him Lardass (Lardass is his nickname). Before the competition he drinks a bottle of castor oil and one raw egg, this is all to do with his revenge. Halfway through the competition his plan had started to work, he was sick all over the champion of last year, then the champion was sick all over another person. non until the smell reached the crowd did his plan really work, when the smell hit the crowd every body was world sick over everyb ody.Verns reaction to the story was that of stupidity, when he asks Gordie if Lardass had to pay to get in the competition. Teddy didnt want the ending probably because it didnt have anything to do with fighting or killing. He says the ending should be that Lardass goes home, shoots his papa then joins the Texas Rangers. Teddy says like that because deep down inside he hates his dad and thats what he would do to his dad. Chris thought the ending was brilliant, as he was being very supportive and also saying it was brilliant. The story relates to the gang, as they are all outcasts like Lardass. You can also tell the story related to them because it was set in a very similar town to theirs. You could see the story as if it was on the television, physically seeing the story made you feel as if it was going into Gordies imagination.Once they had finished talking about the ending of the story, Chris turned on the radio which was playing fifties music, the music was fifties to remind y ou what year the film was set in, it also set the scene, gradually fading away as they start to talk. They show their friendship by talking to one another about daft things, such as what is Goofy. The television camera fades from one person to another, it doesnt let you hear the whole conversation, it just keeps changing subject. It also shows the friendship with camera shots around the campfire, looking cosy and warm.The mood of the scene changes when they hear the noises of the wildlife, at first only Vern showed that he was scared. Teddy was scaring Vern even more by saying it was the ghost of the dead boy. Teddy was saying that he wanted to look for the kids ghost and then all of a sudden a big yawp echoed in the woods, at this point everybody was scared. Vern showed that he was the wimp of the gang by whispering I think we should stand guard. They gang approve of his comment and Teddy is first to stand guard, he was playacting as if he was in a War of some sort. When Vern w as guarding he was really scared, pointing the gun at every noise he heard.Gordie and Chris were talking because Gordie had a nightmare about his brothers funeral. His nightmare was that his dad mouth into his ear It should have been you.

Comparing Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau Essay

In many works of literature, authors express their viewpoints on companionship and times in which they live. In the essay ego Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson, and the book Walden by Henry David Thoreau, the authors speak out against correctity and materialism in hostel. Both were romanticism authors during the 1800s. They focused on simplicity and individuality. Both writings nookie advise teenagers at present on the importance of non-conformity and the value of rejecting materialism.In Self Reliance, Emerson discusses being wizs testify person and non whollyowing society to mold someone like a piece of clay trust thyself are the exact words he used. Trusting oneself means it is okay to be different if one wants or chooses to be different. It means that one does not beget to follow the bad crowd tho because everyone else may be choosing to do so. unmatched must know that if they have a good supposition and if they believe in that ideaeven if it is different from the no rm of societysome lot go forth follow.Emerson also says, Whoso would be a man, must be a non-conformist. This means that to be a straight and real person, one must stand up for what they believe in and not solelyow themselves to be completely changed by society. One must not conform to modal values that will cause them to be someone or something outside of their own desires. In the beginning of his writing, Emerson gives us a definition of what he believes defines genius To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all menthat is genius. This is his way of saying that every person should know that doing what one thinks is right is the best decisivenessfor him/herself. Every educated person does not conform to society if they do not think that society is going in the right path. Emerson also says that people who have good ideas are misunderstood. In his literary argument, To be great is to be misunderstood, Emerson is sayin g that most people who had great ideas in history were misjudged because their ideas were not along with the norms of societys ideas. Therefore, the societal conformists thought that their ideas were wrong.Emerson gives reasons as to wherefore most people conform to society and try to be the same. He says, The other terror that scares us from self-trust is our consistencymeaning that people might follow society because that is what they are used to doing. They are only doing what they saw happening when they were younger. Their parents and other adults probably did the same thing that most people do todayconform. Emerson disputes this reason in his statement by saying, But why should you keep your head over your shoulder? Suppose you should contradict yourself what then(prenominal)?It seems to be a rule of wisdom never to rely on your memory alone. Relying on the past could be problematic when someone questions things since most were probably brought up a certain way and are used to doing things the same way, but never really knew a good reason why to conform. In Walden, Thoreau explains how having less material things can simply your life. He says, Our inventions are wont to be somewhat toys, which distinguish our attention from serious things In saying this, he means to own your items and do not let them own you.Thoreau thinks that people have the desire to own things, thus, causing them to have to use all of their time working to own said things. Working all the time means that one can not do the things that one wants to, and that the items that one desires ends up owning them. Through this statement, Thoreau is basically saying that having all these things such(prenominal) as cell phones, iPods, laptops, and televisions are distracting people from the more important things in life such as family, health, and well-being. One of Thoreaus famous quotes is, Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity This means to make ones life as dewy-eyed as possible.He think s that the poor are the fortunate ones since they have the least to look after and worry more or less while the rich have so much to look after that they do not have time for themselves. Living a simple life enables one to be free of commitment and obligations. One only has to worry about ones self. Both Emerson and Thoreau believe that following ones own path in life is the best way to go. They believe that being oneself and having a simple life is the best life. Both lessons can be relevant in todays society by looking at the rural areas that in time exist in the United States.Some of these areas still follow the principle of a simple and non-materialistic life. Their lives are not filled with technology and other things that distract most people from life. Young people (myself included), can take away much from Emersons and Thoreaus writings. I could focus on more important things in life rather than wasting oodles of time on unnecessary technology such as Facebook and Twitter . We could use technology under ease and make sure that those things do not take up more time than necessary in our lives.

Word and Book Passionate Declaration

Howard Zinns book choleric declaration, was very interesting in the first chapter American Ideology he talks just about(predicate) the substantiation over result of these instances was many if not all of these inferior people were killed. He also talks about how we favor the rich and neglect the poor and that it should be the other way around that life should be an entirely different way. That because of Reagan many issues came to be, Because of Reagan this country is the way it isAlthough we live in a democratic country, The ideas of honest behaviors that were formulated by our forefathers has condemned us to accept them as right. Thus we grow up in a society where our choice of idea is limited and where certain ideas are dominant which is very much aline unless you have money your ideas leave alone never be regardd, its very rare where someone who is unwealthy is hear amongst millions. The only time you are materially heard is where you die a tragic death. In chapter 2 Ma chiavellian Realism and U. S. Foreign Policy Means and Ends.Howard zinn talks about, what kind of society we want? And how will we get it? The instance of building more nuclear weapons when we already possess more than enough to annihilate the arena allowing the police to arrest any person on the street refusing to move on when logical and consider how often a parent usually a father has said to a son or girl its good to have idealistic visions of a better world but your living in the real world, so act accordingly This have all had an effect one or more measure in my life.Some may refer to me as a hippie because Im all about peace on this world or because I refuse to eat animals such as chickens, cows, goats anything with a heartbeat, but my beliefs are my beliefs. I do believe a world without weapons would be wonderful, a world where I dont have to walk down the street and a cops going to stop me cause he believes Im being somewhat suspicious. Of course I would hit the sack for this world to speak up and use our intelligence operations rather that use our weapons or hands to injure one another.You ever live a person get called something and notice how one simple word such as ugly can completely set them off and just then you see this person react in a way that they use their words completely to prove a point on how, the specific word you called or used is in no way or fact them on how they spent all that time to prove one person wrong. I tender the world worked in words. I wish we didnt have to tell our children that this is the world, so act accordingly. I was one of those children, whose father told them that, and my dreams were crushed instantly, I was 9.

Johnsonville Sausage

Johnsonville Sausage Quality betterment through Change Situation Post 1980, Ralph Stayer began to observe decline in quality due to inattention of the workers as well as ill- main(prenominal)tenance of the equipment in the production unit. With the help of Mr. Lee Thayer, Stayer has planned to go through a major change in the caller-outs philosophy. Transition from old philosophy purged Stayers responsibilities of decisiveness making by decentralizing the power of decision making. The new philosophy was implemented to bring bulge out changes in various departments of the company viz. management structure, forcefulness, compensation, manufacturing and likewise systems and controls. According to Thayers new philosophy, exploit of the personnel and need of guidance to personnel to achieve their objectives were the key elements. Management structure was broken subdue by hiring experienced personnel for the new superior level management to everyplacesee finance, marketing and operations functions. Stayer emphasized people development as the core element of the new philosophy. Changes in personnel overwhelm development of list of responsibilities by the workers themselves and eliminating the mathematical operation review process.These changes in personnel function led changes in compensation with the implementation of company performance share program which increased individual responsibility of workers. nonetheless this transition was not in agreement among workers while some are excited about it. In terms of manufacturing changes, lead persons were installed at various departments, eliminating supervisors, to seek information and provide necessary measures to train and mend capacities of workers under designated group. Responsibilities of lead person also include development of budget planning and production requirement planning.Job switching and alternating works were practiced to enrich workers capabilities and enhance performance and also job sat isfaction. dodge and controls changes included individuals to develop and be accountable for their knowledge budgets and forecasts and also allow them to analyze performance data. In appendix, subordinates were needed to self-evaluate their performance to respective managers. Problem The main issue of the case is the resistance shown by the personnel towards the companys philosophy transition. According to Stayer, upon implementation of new philosophy, workers at all level were pass judgment to embrace the change.Instead, the company faced issues related to the final goal of the implementation, unsuccessful organization structural changes, conflict of responsibilities among the workers, participation of less number of employees in the company decision making process and finally lack of high job satisfaction. However, these issues were expected to expire once the transition is complete. Palmer Sausage offered its consolidated business to Johnsonville exactly the issue here was whether Stayer could trade an expanded Palmer contract.Stayer examined the situation by understanding that in order to lapse the contract the company would require to recruit and train a big set of people on with existing people acquiring new skills and retain high quality on both the in-house and Palmer products. In order to achieve this, Johnsonville needs to run the production six or seven days a week for more than a year until its new plant was ready. On the other hand, the company may need to run the business at risk i. e. , if Palmer canceled the contract with 30-day prior notice leaves Johnsonville not merely with massive layoffs and but also huge inventory with no market for it.Analysis As the year 1980 folded, Stayer recognizes to restructure his management structure for the growing company. Stayer also realized that there was decline in the quality of the products and employees were also demotivate to work. Later on, in collaboration with Thayer Lee, Stayer has plan ned to implement new philosophy which is focused on performance and helps people accomplish their objectives through well-defined job descriptions, clear understanding on performance standards, and providing the rent resources. Johnsonvilles new values are based on deep moral commitment to the individual.The main aim of the transition is to augment people capacities, rather than the business. Stayer changed view of his autocratic leadership to a utilization as a leader delegating his subordinates rather than directing them. Furthermore, the new philosophy also motivated each worker to commit to the companys betterment. Upon full transition, Stayer expects to create an atmosphere of constant attainment and development. The transition also supports creativity, encourages responsibility, and empowers employees to develop solutions rather than simply follow orders.Over the period of time, the companys organisational structure was transformed in support to the new culture of worker e mpowerment. Autocratic management was decentralised in order to become more democratic. Conventional management position were replaced by lead persons and their teams who controlled their own compensation, hiring, firing, quality control, and near-and long-term company goals. Several ground-breaking solutions were instigated and evaluated and each member of the company was involved for the companys success.Moreover, a rewarding compensation system was implemented to retain employees and hone their skills and performance. Over-the-time, Stayer had achieved a complete organizational transformation successfully. In terms of Palmers offer, Stayer has two recommendations either he can contain or decline to take over the Palmers business. If Stayer had taken over the business, they might have the advantages of the opportunity for growth and additional revenue. On this regard, private label business offers a 25% return on assets.Contrariwise, the push-down list clashes with Johnsonvill es recent business strategy which prevents the company to push private label business over 15%. The company could compete for capital with the rest of the business once it crosses 15%. In addition to this, the company, while in contract with Palmer, is producing at huge capacity utilization. If the deal is on then the company might need to execute two long shifts for six or seven days a week in order to process the new business. Recommendation At this stand-off point, Johnsonville could be advised to accept Palmers deal which help the former to tap the revenue and growth opportunities.Stayers Johnsonville should continue to implement its new philosophy in a way that it does not affect the previous work-culture. During the agreement, Stayer should continue to involve employees in the decision making process to accept the private label business and planning to handle the additional workload as well. Apart from this, Stayer is required to motivate his teams to meet for evaluating staff ing requirements, production and quality goals. With the thing of workers and assigning responsibility for the important decisions, Stayer will help secure their buy-in for tackling the challenges ahead.

Giddens Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Giddens Sociology - Essay ExampleAs the discussion stresses the obsessive concern about dieting and serious forms of anorexia are spreading like epidemics in western societies. Astonishingly they are connected with social factors, experiences and the inter-connections mingled with social life and the body,. Giddens says sociology of the body depends on two major themes, one, the effects of social change on the body and another, the increasing separation of the body from nature, and hence, is connected with the reproductive technologies, which was referred to as social technologies by Foucault, meaning our intervention in the regular functioning of the body. Wide spreading of anorexia could also be caused by globalisation and acceptance of western culture. This paper declares that Gidden feels that every British is dieting all the while, not only by eating less, but also by being decisively choosy about the right food. Advertisements, scientific and medical constant information an d recent discoveries coming through a bombarding media, regarding cholesterol and its connection with lovingness disease, and calorie content of different foods influence peoples decisions. Today, we are able to design and plaster bandage our own bodies by exercising, dieting and making constant decisions about food habits, even though the government agency causes enormous stress and tension. If women embark into exercising regime for attaining body beautiful, men are relate about the careful cultivation of muscular bodies.

Firefighter injuries and deaths Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Firefighter injuries and deaths - explore Paper ExamplePeterson adds that firefighters opt to protect property and save people under serious and godforsaken circumstances. In the United States, ab appear 100 firefighters die annually in the line of duty small-arm about 95,000 atomic number 18 injured, according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health report of 2006 (2). In the United States, twenty-one firefighters died in 2005, during the execution of non-emergency-related on-duty doings. Moreover, there was one fatal stroke case as well as five emergent cardiac deaths among the firefighters while undertaking the usual station or administrative activities. While engaging in activities deal a funeral detail, attendance at a convention, a parade, and fire implement maintenance four firefighters died due to sudden cardiac death or stroke. On the former(a) hand, three firefighters lost their lives when their helicopter crashed while they were lighting fires a t a set burn. In addition, crashes claimed other five lives -- one each while en route to get a fomite inspection sticker, after a boat parade, during a conservation project, while en route to spunk out a residence, and while driving to a meeting (Fahy & LeBlanc, 3). Causes and Mitigation Strategies of Firefighter injures and deaths There are various health impairments and disorders influenced by the job attributes. These comprise traumas, injuries, cardiovascular diseases, lung faecal mattercer respiratory diseases, and cancers of other sites like large intestine, bladder or kidney. Mental disorders referred to as the post-traumatic stress disorder are of much logical implication among health effects because of a traumatic experience in health-hazardous or a life-threatening circumstance. considerable after original trauma, there could be manifestation of serious health problems (Szubert & Sobala, 49). There are reports on an upward trend in the incidence of heat stress injurie s during wild land firefighting operations. There can be dehydration by the firefighter when he or she is working under both uplifted ambient air temperatures and high radiant heat flux conditions. This can also occur if authoritative preventative procedures are not implemented as a normal way of doing business on a daily basis heat stress can be experienced (Mangan, 38). It is in the running(a) area at the scene of a fire that about one-third of on-duty firefighter fatalities occur. The deaths occur because of asphyxiation, sudden cardiac death, electrocution, stroke, crushing injuries, internal trauma, and burns while restraining or putting out fires. In addition, another(prenominal) one-third of on-duty deaths happen on the way to or from an event in motor vehicle and other accidents. On the other hand, ten percent of firefighter casualties occur during training, for example physical fitness activities, apparatus and equipment drills, classes or seminars, underwater/dive train ing, and live fire training. It is also possible for the firefighters to die while carrying out nonemergency on-duty activities and at non-fire emergencies. Traumatic injuries account for more than one-half of all on-duty firefight

Examine one aspect of modernization that impacted US about the great Essay

Examine one aspect of modernization that impacted US about the great san francisco earthquake of 1906 - Essay ExampleReference is made to the great San Francisco earthquake of 1906 and the congeneric between this event and modernization. The earthquake in San Francisco in 1906 is considered as one of the worst natural disasters in US history (MCEER 2012). One exceptional aspect of the impact of modernization on US in the context of the above event is explored the destruction of Chinatown in San Francisco as a result of the earthquake and the effectuate of this event on the life of locals and other Americans. It is proved that the social effects of natural disasters can practically be more severe than their environmental effects. In other words, modernization can often advert more profoundly the social life compared to severe natural disasters, the above view, as explored below, cannot lead to the self-reliance that modernization is the only aspect of social life affected by im portant natural disasters, as the earthquake of 1906 in San Francisco.Modernization, as developed through the decades, has been related to objectivism, a term used to gleam the trend of people to understand the meaning of things around them according to their needs (Wang, Yu and McLean 20). The specific trend is of event importance in order to understand the response of people, especially residents, to the earthquake of 1906 in San Francisco. In the particular event, two were the issues mostly highlighted the response of people to critical events can be differentiated according to a series of factors also, natural disasters can often heavily affect social life, at the level that the implications of a natural disaster on a countrys social norms are often challenging to be clearly identified and addressed. Indeed, after the earthquake, Chinese, who are of a different social and cultural accentuate compared to the citys other residents, have tried to move their community, showing w illingness to re-establish their social and

The EU Budget Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The EU Budget - turn out ExampleThe main principle is that EU funding has to be utilised only when sharing resources looks sensitive to the Unions member countries. The EUs yearly figure totals to virtually 130 billion. This is approximately 1% of the economic wealth yielded by the member countries every year.The budget determines income and expenditure for the year, lists all the actions that are to be financed and also fixes total amount of coin and staff obtainable for for each one. The budget also determines the amount of each payment and its authorisation. A ceiling on the expenditure limit is accorded by the member states governments and parliaments. The limitation at present is set at 1.24% of the Unions vulgar national income.The budget in the year 2008 has apportioned 45% of its total expenditure to make the EU economy more aggressive and lively. This year the EU budget has plans to narrow the space between the abstruse and the poor member states and regions. Agricu lture is apportioned with 32% of the budget which is also a major state of expenditure. Rural development and environment takes 11% and the total cost for the administrative to run the EU working up to 6% of the total expenditure.2. An upper limit for expenditure which is agreed by the member states governments and parliaments. ... The budget of the EU is dependent on 3 constraints 1. The treaties, which influence the EU budget not to be in deficit which means that the total income has to cover the total expenditure. 2. An upper limit for expenditure which is agreed by the member states governments and parliaments. This is the personal resources cap. This cap forms 1.24% of the Unions gross national income (GNI) which is to be used for payments. This amounts roughly to EUR 293 per EU citizen on average.3. A fiscal organize established by the European Parliament, the Council of Ministers and the European Commission, would check the development of the EU budget set by expenditure c ategory for a period of time. The present fiscal structure runs from 2007 to 2013.The EU has its individual resources to fund its spending. By law, these resources are of the Union. Member states who accumulate them in lieu of the EU and shift them to the EU budget.The 3 kinds of EUs own resources are 1. Traditional own resources (TOR) which is made up of duties bill for imports from a non-EU state which approximated to around 15% of total tax revenue, in the year 2007.2. Value added tax (VAT) is a consistent percentage rate which is applicable on each member states harmonised VAT revenue forms yet another resource. This was around 15% of total revenue, for the year 2007.The gross national income (GNI) which is 0.73% and is applicable to the GNI of each member state. Even though it is a complementary item it is the prime source of revenue and amounted to around 70% of total revenue for the year 2007(http//www.eu2008.si/en/ About_the_EU /Budget/ index. html accessed on 4th June 200 9). stock Commission of the European Communities Other sources of revenue are taxes paid by EU

Productivity and Cost Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Productivity and Cost - Essay ExampleIn the long run there is a positive relationship between improvements in crusade productivity and the real wages paying to undertaking as a factor of fruit. Millions of employees in the modern labor market have somewhat element of performance-related pay in their overall earnings package.(Gain from Higher Productivity, Higher Real Wages).Productivity of labor is number of building block business per day. In a strategic production decision high production output with lover number of labor is more benefit for disposal in this type of production strategy will services both the organization and labor. Management firstly identifies each labors productivity to determine in which subject field they can work more effectively, and properly split the production process. thus they allot each labor the work of their area of expertise. This type of production method can suffice the organization to achieve maximum output and laborers can earn more wages. It will also help in increasing the marginal productivity of labor and marginal cost is decreased. Example A array company has 10 labors each labors productivity is 3 shirts per day total productivity is 30 shirts in a day. When these jobs are split into different processes and allotted to each labor depending on their skilled area it will result in an increase in the total production and fixed cost incurred per unit will decrease. This production method helps to reduce the cost of production.Wage also depends on the demand and grant of labor. High availability of labor may cause a decrease in wage and higher(prenominal) demand for labor can cause increase in wage. Labor productivity also relates to organizations total cost of production. Costs including fixed and variable cost also relate to labor productivity. A firms strategy for reducing their cost of production by resorting to high productivity labor can make

Analysis of Walmart Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

compend of Walmart - Research Paper ExampleMore than 90% of respondents verbalise that Walmarts leaders style is case centred and people focused (Foroohar, 2012). The managers interviewed confirmed that the people elected into leadership positions are servant leaders with precipitous contrast minds, global outlook and a clear vision for the company. The companys elevation was steer by leaders who constantly inspired their subordinates to work hard and steer the business to the next take of success (Roberts & Berg, 2012).The observation exercise revealed that leaders were understanding, inspiring, thoughtful, kind, and considerate and involved their subordinates in decision making. The subordinates were very joyous with their leaders and perceived them as very helpful and pleasant to work with (Creswell & Clark, 2007). More than 90% of respondents said that transformational leadership was effective because it encourages and motivates employees to form common organizational goal s, which has seen the firm transform from a small business to a multinational retail corporation. 87% of respondents said that leaders behavior increases performance by motivating, information and pushing employees to give their best. More than 90% of employees (respondents) were happy to work for the firm. The dissatisfied group gave reasons such(prenominal) as poor working conditions and low pay as major dissatisfiersThe research also revealed that Walmart has good leadership that is guided by strong business ethics. Most respondents were satisfied with the companys leadership and estimation to business ethics. However, there were several instances of unethical demeanor that were reported by respondents. For example, Wal-Mart was accused of unethical behaviour when it continued to buy clothes from Bangladesh which were banned for export. It was also involved in major financial scandals such as the Mexico scandal that involved bribery, fraud, and concealing evidence

Doing business in UK Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Doing caper in UK - Research Paper ExampleThe four countries constituting the United Kingdom (UK) argon England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. It is true that they can be distinguished geographically, however, their strong sense of nationality and identity cannot be ignored. Originally cognize for having a precise homogeneous society, since the Second World War, Britain has acquired extreme diversity in all spheres payable to the large number of immigrants accommodated into its population. The high mix of ethnic cultures and groups makes it difficult to define the British culture as having a particular look or acting in a particular fashion. The British argon considered to be more formal as compared to other nations. It is found that numerous bulk belonging to the sometime(a) generation prefer to work with organizations and people who are known to them or their associates. The young business community do not require long and standing personal relationships before entering into businesses with people. Nor do they depend on intermediaries for making introductions for conducting businesses. In other words the key to successful businesses lie in effective relationships and living of long term relationships. The British are seen to immense respect for ranks as they prefer to deal with people belonging to their levels or higher levels. Businessmen prefer including an elderly statesman into their group as a re stick inative of authority which is considered as being essential for having positive and health business relationships . 1. The visualise seeks to present the pros and cons of conducting business in UK. This is done using the study of the regions macro environment that affects the finishs of businessmen and entrepreneurs of organizations. Considerations are taken with regards to changes in tax structures, changes in legislations, demographic changes and changes in the government policies. To summaries it the entire project makes a thorough macro analys is of the United Kingdom which would impact the entry, establishment and growth of businesses in the same2. 1. PESTEL Analysis There are a number of factors in the external environment of firms which affect the decision making of managers and entrepreneurs. These factors are political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors which require consideration while setting up business in locations. 1.1. Political Factors The recent past political conditions in the United Kingdom were not very impressive for conducting business operations. However, the conditions have now changed. The government has been trying to schedule its activities as per its priorities for investing money. Blair has highlighted an system of rules for stinting Co-operation and Development report in which he tried to show that Britains taxes were much frown as compared to the other industrialized nations across the world, Japan and USA being the only two exceptions3. lately the government has been stressing on chemise duty on fuel which would be compensated by cutting costs in the form of pension reductions. The food outlays had reached record levels and the prices of stables like food grains, had reached high levels however, the price rise has been curtailed. The aim of the government has been to build a solid foundation for a healthy economic system and attempt to achieve full employment, lower inflation rates and maximize welfare of the economy (see 3). 1.2. Economic

When Marian Sang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

When Marian Sang - Essay ExampleAnderson was born(p) and brought up in a humble family, but her magnificence in singing do her natural endowment recognised as she would sing in many city choirs. However, as the book illustrates, Marian was non lucky as troubles haunted her early in support. Her father died when she was only twelve years of age, and scorn her singing talent, the Philadelphia Music Academy denied her a chance to prove her prowess in singing referable to her race. All the same, her mother encouraged her to soldier on, and it was no until she saw a performance by the metropolitan Opera of Madame Butterfly that her dream of singing shone again. Despite being from a humble background, Marian made many tours in Europe and America where she was presented with great opportunities.The book is a non-fiction story told in issue simplicity and depth of emotions to children between 3 and 8 years. The book offers many themes of learning to children on the desire to be pati ent, courageous, have the perseverance to succeed in their talents especially at an early beginning. The inspiring disassociate of a poor girl with a talent is a penury to children not to give up in chasing their dreams despite their weak nature. Through perseverance, children are called to hold on to what they believe. The book comes with illustrations that depict the unripened girl singing, which brings out the simplicity of the girl and appeals to the emotions of not only children but also the narrators of such a story. The illustrations also break the monotony of the text to present children with some space to reflect about the life of the young girl. Through the images of the young girl, children can connect the story to their lives, which makes the book a real indigence to children in pursuit of their talents early in life.Throughout the book, the author utilised words that conveyed hope and motivation to children. For instance, when presenting the songs that Marian used to sing, the words used convey. Moreover, use of colour makes the book

Engaging in Evidence Based Practice and Clinical Effectiveness Essay

Engaging in Evidence found Practice and Clinical Effectiveness - Essay Example(Parahoo, 1997) EBP is also a key factor in the NMC (2008) Code of Professional Conduct, which states that nursing professionals argon personally accountable for their quality of c are freehand, and must bid the highest quality of service to patients that is consistent with evidence- proved research. In 2005, NICE was combined with the Health Development Agency as an independent organization to deliver quality healthcare based on professional regulations of medical invest in a standardized manner across overt healthcare institutions and in order to advert with government programs intended to improve the quality of service in the industry. Nurses are increasingly expected to base their practice on empirical medical research data represented in scientific literary productions or established medical treatment practices that are generated through research publications (Burns & Grove 1999).The purpose of this floor is to apply the principles of Evidence Based Practice (EBP) to the use of supplementary group O (O2) in hospitals as a treatment response for myocardial infarction (MI). The rationale for this search is that supplemental oxygen is used in hospitals and clinics traditionally in ways that is inconsistent with latest medical research and this has led to a youthful change in practice in healthcare institutions as well as in public policy that still may not be represented in everyday nursing practice. By applying EBP principles, a nurse can review the medical literature and research regarding the use of oxygen in MIs by focusing on the most recent clinical trials. By understanding the use and contra-indications of supplemental O2 in MIs as accepted in published literature, nurses on coronary care units (CCU) can be more prepared for work in the workplace. In order to effectively search the topic of oxygen use in clinical applications related to heart treatment, it was imp ortant to clearly define the research by using the PICO framework (Patients, Interventions, Comparisons and Outcomes) to develop the areas of inquiry. The search criteria focused on were based initially the keywords Myocardial, Infarction, Hyperoxic, Coronary, and Oxygen. publish papers were identified through a search of online databases via the University of Plymouth intranet site including CINAHL, MEDLINE, SwetsWise, Taylor & Francis, Oxford Journals & ScienceDirect. In the search, very few airplane pilot research studies published between 2001 to 2011 were found, it was required to revise the search to include a more specialise use of keywords, all relating to oxygen and myocardial function. Five research papers were then selected as representative of consensus in medical research through peer review and implementation in cardiac treatment programs. CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE Previously oxygen was given as a standard aspect of MI treatment, regardless of the patients level of oxygen saturation level, as segment of the standard response of health practitioners to a critical care emergency such as a heart attack. Although NICE (2010) have amended their guidelines to recommend that patients only be given oxygen if their inventory saturation level is below 94% , many nurses on general wards are still giving oxygen to critical heart attack patients as a regular aspect of treatment, as they are unaware of its detrimental effects in counter-indications or the latest research on the topic. Since many hospitals are